Abortion & Contraception

What is an abortion?

Abortion refers to the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the uterus. It involves the removal or expulsion of the embryo or fetus from the womb, resulting in the end of pregnancy.

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At what stage of pregnancy can you have an abortion?

In general, abortions can be performed during the early stages of pregnancy up until the point of fetal viability, which is typically considered around 24 weeks of gestation. However, it's important to note that the specific gestational limits can vary widely between different regions and jurisdictions.

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What types of abortion are there?

There are two primary types of abortion: medication abortion and surgical abortion.

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Medication abortion (also known as the abortion pill) involves taking medications, usually a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol, to induce the termination of pregnancy. This method is generally used within the first 10 weeks of pregnancy.

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Surgical abortion involves procedures such as suction aspiration, dilation and curettage (D&C), or dilation and evacuation (D&E), depending on the stage of pregnancy. These procedures are typically performed after the first trimester (12 weeks) and may involve the use of local anesthesia, conscious sedation, or general anesthesia.

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What to expect after an abortion?

After an abortion, it is normal to experience physical and emotional changes. Here are some common things to expect:

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• Physical Recovery: The recovery process varies depending on the type of abortion procedure and individual factors. You may experience cramping, bleeding, and spotting for a few days or weeks after the procedure. Your healthcare provider will provide instructions on managing any discomfort or pain. It's important to follow their guidance and attend any follow-up appointments.​

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• Emotional Responses: Emotional responses can vary after an abortion. Some individuals may experience a range of emotions, including relief, sadness, guilt, or a sense of loss. It's normal to have mixed feelings, and it's important to give yourself time to process your emotions. If you're experiencing persistent or severe emotional distress, consider reaching out to a counselor or therapist who specializes in reproductive health.

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• Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy and abortion can cause hormonal changes in the body. It's possible to experience temporary mood swings, changes in appetite, breast tenderness, or mild hormonal imbalances. These symptoms should gradually subside, but if they persist or worsen, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional.

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• Contraception and Future Planning: After an abortion, it's important to discuss contraceptive options with your healthcare provider to prevent future unintended pregnancies. They can help you choose a suitable method and provide guidance on its effectiveness and usage.

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• Physical Activity and Recovery Time: Your healthcare provider will likely recommend avoiding strenuous physical activity or sexual intercourse for a certain period after the abortion procedure to allow for proper healing. It's essential to follow their advice and take care of your body during the recovery process.

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What is a contraception?

Contraception, also known as birth control, refers to methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy by interfering with the process of conception or implantation. It allows individuals and couples to have control over their reproductive choices and prevent unintended pregnancies.

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What types of contraception are there?

There are several types of contraception available, offering varying levels of effectiveness and convenience.

Here are some common methods:

• Barrier Methods: These include male and female condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps. They create a physical barrier to prevent sperm from reaching the egg.

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• Hormonal Methods: These methods use hormones (such as estrogen and progestin) to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Examples include birth control pills, patches, injections, hormonal implants, and hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs).

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• Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): These are small, T-shaped devices inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional. They can be either hormonal or non-hormonal and provide long-term contraception.

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• Emergency Contraception: Also known as the "morning-after pill," emergency contraception is used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. It is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex.

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• Sterilisation: Permanent methods for individuals or couples who have decided not to have any or any more children. It includes tubal ligation for women and vasectomy for men.

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• Fertility Awareness Methods: These methods involve tracking menstrual cycles and identifying fertile and non-fertile days to avoid intercourse during fertile periods. They require consistent monitoring and may have higher failure rates compared to other methods.

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• Withdrawal: Also known as the "pull-out method," this involves the male partner withdrawing the penis before ejaculation to prevent sperm from entering the vagina. It is not as effective as other methods and offers no protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

It is important to note that the effectiveness of each method can vary, and some methods may also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections. It is recommended to consult with your doctor to determine the most suitable and effective contraception method based on individual needs and health considerations.